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Date: Mon, 15 Jan 2024 18:56:43 +0000
From: James Dutton | SPM <newsletter@e.smartpeoplemail.com>
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 Content preview:  Bitcoin created 100,000 new millionaires but his research
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Subject: [SPAM] ◼*The* No. 1 ▪Сrурtосurrеnсу▪ for •2024•◼| Jan 15, 2024

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Bitcoin created 100,000 new millionaires but his research shows this one co=
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Principal photography for Avatar began in April 2007 in Los Angeles and=20
Wellington. Cameron described the film as a hybrid with a full live-action=
=20
shoot in combination with computer-generated characters and live environmen=
ts.=20
"Ideally at the end of the day the audience has no idea which they're looki=
ng=20
at," Cameron said. The director indicated that he had already worked four=
=20
months on nonprincipal scenes for the film.[66] The live action was shot wi=
th a=20
modified version of the proprietary digital 3-D Fusion Camera System, devel=
oped=20
by Cameron and Vince Pace.[67] In January 2007, Fox had announced that 3-D=
=20
filming for Avatar would be done at 24 frames per second despite Cameron's=
=20
strong opinion that a 3-D film requires higher frame rate to make strobing =
less=20
noticeable.[68] According to Cameron, the film is composed of 60%=20
computer-generated elements and 40% live action, as well as traditional=20
miniatures.[69] Motion-capture photography lasted 31 days at the Hughes=20
Aircraft stage in Playa Vista in Los Angeles.[54][70] Live action photograp=
hy=20
began in October 2007 at Stone Street Studios in Wellington and was schedul=
ed=20
to last 31 days.[71] More than a thousand people worked on the production.[=
70]=20
In preparation of the filming sequences, all of the actors underwent=20
professional training specific to their characters such as archery, horseba=
ck=20
riding, firearm use, and hand-to-hand combat. They received language and=20
dialect training in the Na'vi language created for the film.[72] Before=20
shooting the film, Cameron also sent the cast to the Hawaiian tropical=20
rainforests[73] to get a feel for a rainforest setting before shooting on t=
he=20
soundstage.[72] During filming, Cameron made use of his virtual camera syst=
em,=20
a new way of directing motion-capture filmmaking. The system shows the acto=
rs'=20
virtual counterparts in their digital surroundings in real time, allowing t=
he=20
director to adjust and direct scenes just as if shooting live action. Accor=
ding=20
to Cameron, "It's like a big, powerful game engine. If I want to fly throug=
h=20
space, or change my perspective, I can. I can turn the whole scene into a=
=20
living miniature and go through it on a 50 to 1 scale."[74] Using conventio=
nal=20
techniques, the complete virtual world cannot be seen until the motion-capt=
ure=20
of the actors is complete. Cameron said this process does not diminish the=
=20
value or importance of acting. On the contrary, because there is no need fo=
r=20
repeated camera and lighting setups, costume fittings and make-up touch-ups=
,=20
scenes do not need to be interrupted repeatedly.[75] Cameron described the=
=20
system as a "form of pure creation where if you want to move a tree or a=20
mountain or the sky or change the time of day, you have complete control ov=
er=20
the elements".[76] Cameron gave fellow directors Steven Spielberg and Peter=
=20
Jackson a chance to test the new technology.[65] Spielberg said, "I like to=
=20
think of it as digital makeup, not augmented animation ... Motion capture=
=20
brings the director back to a kind of intimacy that actors and directors on=
ly=20
know when they're working in live theater."[75] Spielberg and George Lucas =
were=20
also able to visit the set to watch Cameron direct with the equipment.[77] =
To=20
film the shots where CGI interacts with live action, a unique camera referr=
ed=20
to as a "simulcam" was used, a merger of the 3-D fusion camera and the virt=
ual=20
camera systems. While filming live action in real time with the simulcam, t=
he=20
CGI images captured with the virtual camera or designed from scratch, are=
=20
superimposed over the live action images as in augmented reality and shown =
on a=20
small monitor, making it possible for the director to instruct the actors h=
ow=20
to relate to the virtual material in the scene.[72] Due to Cameron's person=
al=20
convictions about climate change, he allowed only plant-based (vegan) food =
to=20
be served on set.=20


A number of innovative visual effects techniques were used during productio=
n.=20
According to Cameron, work on the film had been delayed since the 1990s to=
=20
allow the techniques to reach the necessary degree of advancement to adequa=
tely=20
portray his vision of the film.[13][14] The director planned to make use of=
=20
photorealistic computer-generated characters, created using new motion capt=
ure=20
animation technologies he had been developing in the 14 months leading up t=
o=20
December 2006.[74] Innovations include a new system for lighting massive ar=
eas=20
like Pandora's jungle,[80] a motion-capture stage or "volume" six times lar=
ger=20
than any previously used, and an improved method of capturing facial=20
expressions, enabling full performance capture. To achieve the face capturi=
ng,=20
actors wore individually made skull caps fitted with a tiny camera position=
ed=20
in front of the actors' faces; the information collected about their facial=
=20
expressions and eyes is then transmitted to computers.[81] According to=20
Cameron, the method allows the filmmakers to transfer 100% of the actors'=
=20
physical performances to their digital counterparts.[82] Besides the=20
performance capture data which were transferred directly to the computers,=
=20
numerous reference cameras gave the digital artists multiple angles of each=
=20
performance.[83] A technically challenging scene was near the end of the fi=
lm=20
when the computer-generated Neytiri held the live action Jake in human form=
,=20
and attention was given to the details of the shadows and reflected light=
=20
between them.[84] The lead visual effects company was Weta Digital in=20
Wellington, at one point employing 900 people to work on the film.[85] Beca=
use=20
of the huge amount of data which needed to be stored, cataloged and availab=
le=20
for everybody involved, even on the other side of the world, a new cloud=20
computing and Digital Asset Management (DAM) system named Gaia was created =
by=20
Microsoft especially for Avatar, which allowed the crews to keep track of a=
nd=20
coordinate all stages in the digital processing.[86] To render Avatar, Weta=
=20
used a 930 m2 (10,000 sq ft) server farm making use of 4,000 Hewlett-Packar=
d=20
servers with 35,000 processor cores with 104 terabytes of RAM and three=20
petabytes of network area storage running Ubuntu Linux, Grid Engine cluster=
=20
manager, and 2 of the animation software and managers, Pixar's RenderMan an=
d=20
Pixar's Alfred queue management system.[87][88][89][90] The render farm=20
occupies the 193rd to 197th spots in the TOP500 list of the world's most=20
powerful supercomputers. A new texturing and paint software system, called=
=20
Mari, was developed by The Foundry in cooperation with Weta.[91][92] Creati=
ng=20
the Na'vi characters and the virtual world of Pandora required over a petab=
yte=20
of digital storage,[93] and each minute of the final footage for Avatar=20
occupies 17.28 gigabytes of storage.[94] It would often take the computer=
=20
several hours to render a single frame of the film.[95] To help finish=20
preparing the special effects sequences on time, a number of other companie=
s=20
were brought on board, including Industrial Light & Magic, which worked=20
alongside Weta Digital to create the battle sequences. ILM was responsible =
for=20
the visual effects for many of the film's specialized vehicles and devised =
a=20
new way to make CGI explosions.[96] Joe Letteri was the film's visual effec=
ts=20
general supervisor.[97] Music and soundtrack Main article: Avatar: Music fr=
om=20
the Motion Picture James Horner =E2=80=93 "Jake Enters His Avatar World" 0:=
32 listen to=20
a clip from the score of the 2009 film Avatar. Problems playing this file? =
See=20
media help. Composer James Horner scored the film, his third collaboration =
with=20
Cameron after Aliens and Titanic.[98] Horner recorded parts of the score wi=
th a=20
small chorus singing in the alien language Na'vi in March 2008.[99] He also=
=20
worked with Wanda Bryant, an ethnomusicologist, to create a music culture f=
or=20
the alien race.[100] The first scoring sessions were planned to take place =
in=20
early 2009.[101] During production, Horner promised Cameron that he would n=
ot=20
work on any other project except for Avatar and reportedly worked on the sc=
ore=20
from four in the morning until ten at night throughout the process. He stat=
ed=20
in an interview, "Avatar has been the most difficult film I have worked on =
and=20
the biggest job I have undertaken."[102] Horner composed the score as two=
=20
different scores merged into one. He first created a score that reflected t=
he=20
Na'vi way of sound and then combined it with a separate "traditional" score=
 to=20
drive the film.[72] British singer Leona Lewis was chosen to sing the theme=
=20
song for the film, called "I See You". An accompanying music video, directe=
d by=20
Jake Nava, premiered December 15, 2009, on MySpace.

At times, our affiliate partners reach out to the Editors at Smart People M=
ail=20
with special opportunities for our readers. The message below is one we thi=
nk=20
you should take a close, serious look at.


=E2=80=8A


Avatar is primarily an action-adventure journey of self-discovery, in the=
=20
context of imperialism, and deep ecology.[104] Cameron said his inspiration=
 was=20
"every single science fiction book I read as a kid" and that he wanted to=
=20
update the style of Edgar Rice Burroughs' John Carter series.[11] He=20
acknowledged that Avatar shares themes with the films At Play in the Fields=
 of=20
the Lord, The Emerald Forest, and Princess Mononoke, which feature clashes=
=20
between cultures and civilizations, and with Dances with Wolves, where a=20
battered soldier finds himself drawn to the culture he was initially fighti=
ng=20
against.[105][106] He also cited Hayao Miyazaki's anime films such as Princ=
ess=20
Mononoke as an influence on the ecosystem of Pandora.[106] In 2012, Cameron=
=20
filed a 45-page legal declaration that intended to "describe in great detai=
l=20
the genesis of the ideas, themes, storylines, and images that came to be=20
Avatar."[107] In addition to historical events (such as European colonizati=
on=20
of the Americas), his life experiences and several of his unproduced projec=
ts,=20
Cameron drew connections between Avatar and his previous films. He cited hi=
s=20
script and concept art for Xenogenesis, partially produced as a short film,=
 as=20
being the basis for many of the ideas and visual designs in Avatar. He stat=
ed=20
that Avatar's "concepts of a world mind, intelligence within nature, the id=
ea=20
of projecting force or consciousness using an avatar, colonization of alien=
=20
planets, greedy corporate interests backed up by military force, the story =
of a=20
seemingly weaker group prevailing over a technologically superior force, an=
d=20
the good scientist were all established and recurrent themes" from his earl=
ier=20
films including Aliens, The Abyss, Rambo: First Blood Part II, The Terminat=
or=20
and Terminator 2: Judgment Day. He specifically mentioned the "water tentac=
le"=20
in The Abyss as an example of an "avatar" that "takes on the appearance of.=
..an=20
alien life form...in order to bridge the cultural gap and build trust."[108=
]=20
Cameron also cited a number of works by other creators as "reference points=
 and=20
sources of inspiration" for Avatar. These include two of his "favorite" fil=
ms,=20
2001: A Space Odyssey, where mankind experiences an evolution after meeting=
=20
alien life, and Lawrence of Arabia, where "an outsider...encounters and=20
immerses into a foreign culture and then ultimately joins that group to fig=
ht=20
other outsiders." Cameron said he became familiar with the concept of a hum=
an=20
operating a "synthetic avatar" inside another world from George Henry Smith=
's=20
short story "In the Imagicon" and Arthur C. Clarke's novel The City and the=
=20
Stars. He said he learned of the term "avatar" by reading the cyberpunk nov=
els=20
Neuromancer by William Gibson and Islands in the Net by Bruce Sterling. The=
=20
idea of a "world mind" originated in the novel Solaris by Stanislaw Lem.=20
Cameron mentioned several other films about people interacting with "indige=
nous=20
cultures" as inspiring him, including Dances with Wolves, The Man Who Would=
 Be=20
King, The Mission, The Emerald Forest, Medicine Man, The Jungle Book and=20
FernGully. He also cited as inspiration the John Carter and Tarzan stories =
by=20
Edgar Rice Burroughs and other adventure stories by Rudyard Kipling and H.=
=20
Rider Haggard.[108] In a 2007 interview with Time magazine, Cameron was ask=
ed=20
about the meaning of the term Avatar, to which he replied, "It's an incarna=
tion=20
of one of the Hindu gods taking a flesh form. In this film what that means =
is=20
that the human technology in the future is capable of injecting a human's=
=20
intelligence into a remotely located body, a biological body."[10] Cameron =
also=20
cited the Japanese cyberpunk manga and anime Ghost in the Shell, in terms o=
f=20
how humans can remotely control, and transfer their personalities into, ali=
en=20
bodies.[109][110] For the love story between characters Jake and Neytiri,=
=20
Cameron applied a star-crossed love theme, which he said was in the traditi=
on=20
of Romeo and Juliet.[108] He acknowledged its similarity to the pairing of =
Jack=20
and Rose from his film Titanic. An interviewer stated, "Both couples come f=
rom=20
radically different cultures that are contemptuous of their relationship an=
d=20
are forced to choose sides between the competing communities."[113] Cameron=
=20
described Neytiri as his "Pocahontas," saying that his plotline followed th=
e=20
historical story of a "white outsider [who] falls in love with the chief's=
=20
daughter, who becomes his guide to the tribe and to their special bond with=
=20
nature."[108] Cameron felt that whether or not the Jake and Neytiri love st=
ory=20
would be perceived as believable partially hinged on the physical=20
attractiveness of Neytiri's alien appearance, which was developed by=20
considering her appeal to the all-male crew of artists.[114] Although Camer=
on=20
felt Jake and Neytiri do not fall in love right away, their portrayers=20
(Worthington and Saldana) felt the characters did. Cameron said the two act=
ors=20
"had a great chemistry" during filming.[113] A gray mountain in the middle =
of a=20
forest. Pandora's floating "Hallelujah Mountains" were inspired in part by =
the=20
Chinese Huangshan mountains (pictured).[115] Zhangjiajie National Forest Pa=
rk=20
For the film's floating "Hallelujah Mountains", the designers drew inspirat=
ion=20
from "many different types of mountains, but mainly the karst limestone=20
formations in China."[116] According to production designer Dylan Cole, the=
=20
fictional floating rocks were inspired by Huangshan (also known as Yellow=
=20
Mountain), Guilin, Zhangjiajie, among others around the world.[116] Cameron=
 had=20
noted the influence of the Chinese peaks on the design of the floating=20
mountains.[117] To create the interiors of the human mining colony on Pando=
ra,=20
production designers visited the Noble Clyde Boudreaux[118] oil platform in=
 the=20
Gulf of Mexico during June 2007. They photographed, measured and filmed eve=
ry=20
aspect of the platform, which was later replicated on-screen with=20
photorealistic CGI during post-production.


The first photo of the film was released on August 14, 2009,[124] and Empir=
e=20
released exclusive images from the film in its October issue.[125] Cameron,=
=20
producer Jon Landau, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, and Sigourney Weaver appear=
ed=20
at a panel, moderated by Tom Rothman, at the 2009 San Diego Comic-Con on Ju=
ly=20
23. Twenty-five minutes of footage was screened[126] in Dolby 3D.[127] Weav=
er=20
and Cameron appeared at additional panels to promote the film, speaking on =
the=20
23rd[128] and 24th[129][130] respectively. James Cameron announced at the=
=20
Comic-Con Avatar Panel that August 21 will be 'Avatar Day'. On this day, th=
e=20
trailer was released in all theatrical formats. The official game trailer a=
nd=20
toy line of the film were also unveiled on this day.[131] The 129-second=20
trailer was released online on August 20, 2009.[132] The new 210-second tra=
iler=20
was premiered in theaters on October 23, 2009, then soon after premiered on=
line=20
on Yahoo! on October 29, 2009, to positive reviews.[133][134] An extended=
=20
version in IMAX 3D received overwhelmingly positive reviews.[132] The Holly=
wood=20
Reporter said that audience expectations were colored by "the [same]=20
establishment skepticism that preceded Titanic" and suggested the showing=
=20
reflected the desire for original storytelling.[135] The teaser has been am=
ong=20
the most viewed trailers in the history of film marketing, reaching the fir=
st=20
place of all trailers viewed on Apple.com with 4 million views.[136] On Oct=
ober=20
30, to celebrate the opening of the first 3-D cinema in Vietnam, Fox allowe=
d=20
Megastar Cinema to screen exclusive 16 minutes of Avatar to a number of=20
press.[137] The three-and-a-half-minute trailer of the film premiered live =
on=20
November 1, 2009, during a Dallas Cowboys football game at Cowboys Stadium =
in=20
Arlington, Texas, on the Diamond Vision screen, one of the world's largest=
=20
video displays, and to TV audiences viewing the game on Fox. It is said to =
be=20
the largest live motion picture trailer viewing in history.[138] The Coca-C=
ola=20
Company collaborated with Fox to launch a worldwide marketing campaign to=
=20
promote the film. The highlight of the campaign was the website AVTR.com.=
=20
Specially marked bottles and cans of Coca-Cola Zero, when held in front of =
a=20
webcam, enabled users to interact with the website's 3-D features using=20
augmented reality (AR) technology.[139] The film was heavily promoted in an=
=20
episode of the Fox series Bones in the episode "The Gamer In The Grease"=20
(Season 5, Episode 9). Avatar star Joel David Moore has a recurring role on=
 the=20
program, and is seen in the episode anxiously awaiting the release of the=
=20
film.[140] A week prior to the American release, Zoe Saldana promoted the f=
ilm=20
on Adult Swim when she was interviewed by an animated Space Ghost.[141]=20
McDonald's had a promotion mentioned in television commercials in Europe ca=
lled=20
"Avatarize yourself", which encouraged people to go to the website set up b=
y=20
Oddcast, and use a photograph of themselves to change into a Na'vi.[142] Bo=
oks=20
Avatar: A Confidential Report on the Biological and Social History of Pando=
ra,=20
a 224-page book in the form of a field guide to the film's fictional settin=
g of=20
the planet of Pandora, was released by Harper Entertainment on November 24,=
=20
2009.[143] It is presented as a compilation of data collected by the humans=
=20
about Pandora and the life on it, written by Maria Wilhelm and Dirk Mathiso=
n.=20
HarperFestival also released Wilhelm's 48-page James Cameron's Avatar: The=
=20
Reusable Scrapbook for children.[144] The Art of Avatar was released on=20
November 30, 2009, by Abrams Books. The book features detailed production=
=20
artwork from the film, including production sketches, illustrations by Lisa=
=20
Fitzpatrick, and film stills. Producer Jon Landau wrote the foreword, Camer=
on=20
wrote the epilogue, and director Peter Jackson wrote the preface.[145] In=
=20
October 2010, Abrams Books also released The Making of Avatar, a 272-page b=
ook=20
that detailed the film's production process and contains over 500 color=20
photographs and illustrations.[146] In a 2009 interview, Cameron said that =
he=20
planned to write a novel version of Avatar after the film was released.[147=
] In=20
February 2010, producer Jon Landau stated that Cameron plans a prequel nove=
l=20
for Avatar that will "lead up to telling the story of the movie, but it wou=
ld=20
go into much more depth about all the stories that we didn't have time to d=
eal=20
with", saying that "Jim wants to write a novel that is a big, epic story th=
at=20
fills in a lot of things".[148] In August 2013 it was announced that Camero=
n=20
hired Steven Gould to pen four standalone novels to expand the Avatar=20
universe.[149] ance Post released a special limited edition stamp based on=
=20
Avatar, coinciding with the film's worldwide release.


 Dear Reader,

 Ian King is easily the top crypto expert in the country.

 He has been investing in and out of bitcoin since 2013 when it was trading=
=20
for about $100.

 In 2018, bitcoin had just plummeted from its high of $20,000 and the=20
naysayers were out in full force.

Entrepreneur called it: =E2=80=9CThe swindle of the century.=E2=80=9D

 Goldman Sachs said: =E2=80=9CBitcoin is never coming back.=E2=80=9D

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 It has the potential to be 20 times bigger than bitcoin in the next decade=
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 Think about that for a second=E2=80=A6

 Bitcoin created 100,000 new millionaires but  his research shows this one=
=20
coin will be 20 times bigger=20
<https://www.bropom.com/TM0268/sterlingwhg@gmail.com/044SPM/B/BANG17>.

 Hands down, this is Ian=E2=80=99s No. 1 crypto recommendation for 2024 =E2=
=80=A6 and beyond.

 This could be like when he recommended Binance, Solana and Luna =E2=80=A6 =
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 Regards,


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 Associate Editorial Manager, Banyan Hill Publishing=20

Initial screening Avatar premiered in London on December 10, 2009, and was=
=20
released theatrically worldwide from December 16 to 18.[156] The film was=
=20
originally set for release on May 22, 2009, during filming[157] but was pus=
hed=20
back to allow more post-production time (the last shots were delivered in=
=20
November)[80] and give more time for theaters worldwide to install 3D=20
projectors.[158] Cameron stated that the film's aspect ratio would be 1.78:=
1=20
for 3D screenings and that a 2.39:1 image would be extracted for 2D=20
screenings.[159][160] However, a 3D 2.39:1 extract was approved for use wit=
h=20
constant-image-height screens (i.e., screens that increase in width to disp=
lay=20
2.39:1 films).[161] During a 3D preview showing in Germany on December 16, =
the=20
movie's DRM "protection" system malfunctioned, and some copies delivered=20
weren=E2=80=99t watched at all in the theaters. The problems were fixed in =
time for the=20
public premiere.[162] Avatar was released in a total of 3,457 theaters in t=
he=20
US, of which 2,032 theaters showed it in 3D. In total, 90% of all advance=
=20
ticket sales for Avatar were for 3D screenings.[163] Internationally, Avata=
r=20
opened on a total of 14,604 screens in 106 territories, of which 3,671 were=
=20
showing the film in 3D (producing 56% of the first weekend gross).[164][165=
]=20
The film was simultaneously presented in IMAX 3D format, opening in 178=20
theaters in the United States on December 18. The international IMAX releas=
e=20
included 58 theaters beginning on December 16, and 25 more theaters were to=
 be=20
added in the coming weeks.[166] The IMAX release was the company's widest t=
o=20
date, a total of 261 theaters worldwide. The previous IMAX record opening w=
as=20
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, which opened in 161 IMAX theaters i=
n=20
the US, and about 70 international.[167] 20th Century Fox Korea adapted and=
=20
later released Avatar in 4D version, which included "moving seats, smells o=
f=20
explosives, sprinkling water, laser lights and wind".[20] Post-original rel=
ease=20
In July 2010, Cameron confirmed that there would be an extended theatrical=
=20
rerelease of the film on August 27, 2010, exclusively in 3D theaters and IM=
AX=20
3D.[168] Avatar: Special Edition includes an additional nine minutes of=20
footage, all of which is CG,[169] including an extension of the sex scene[1=
70]=20
and various other scenes that were cut from the original theatrical film.[1=
69]=20
This extended re-release resulted in the film's run time approaching the=20
then-current IMAX platter maximum of 170 minutes, thereby leaving less time=
 for=20
the end credits. Cameron stated that the nine minutes of added scenes cost =
more=20
than $1 million a minute to produce and finish.[171] During its 12-week=20
re-release, Avatar: Special Edition grossed an additional $10.74 million in=
=20
North America and $22.46 million overseas for a worldwide total of $33.2=20
million.[5] The film was later re-released in China in March 2021, allowing=
 it=20
to surpass Avengers: Endgame to become the highest-grossing film of all=20
time.[24] Avatar was re-released in theaters on September 23, 2022, by Walt=
=20
Disney Studios Motion Pictures for a limited two week engagement, with the =
film=20
being remastered in 4K high-dynamic range, with select scenes at a high fra=
me=20
rate of 48-frames-per-second.[172] The reissue was prior to the December 20=
22=20
premiere of its sequel, Avatar: The Way of Water.[173] Prior to this, Camer=
on=20
previously teased a re-release of the film back in 2017 when promoting the=
=20
Dolby Cinema re-release of Titanic, stating that there were plans in the wo=
rks=20
to remaster the film with Dolby Vision and re-release it in Dolby Cinema.


Home media 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD and=
=20
Blu-ray in the US on April 22, 2010,[175] and in the UK on April 26.[176] T=
he=20
US release was not on a Tuesday as is the norm, but was done to coincide wi=
th=20
Earth Day.[177] The first DVD and Blu-ray release does not contain any=20
supplemental features other than the theatrical film and the disc menu in f=
avor=20
of and to make space for optimal picture and sound. The release also preser=
ves=20
the film's native 1.78:1 (16:9) format as Cameron felt that was the best fo=
rmat=20
to watch the film.[178] The Blu-ray disc contains DRM (BD+ 5) which some=20
Blu-ray players might not support without a firmware update.[179][180] Avat=
ar=20
set a first-day launch record in the U.S. for Blu-ray sales at 1.5 million=
=20
units sold, breaking the record previously held by The Dark Knight (600,000=
=20
units sold). First-day DVD and Blu-ray sales combined were over four millio=
n=20
units sold.[181] In its first four days of release, sales of Avatar on Blu-=
ray=20
reached 2.7 million in the United States and Canada =E2=80=93 overtaking Th=
e Dark=20
Knight to become the best ever selling Blu-ray release in the region.[182][=
183]=20
The release later broke the Blu-ray sales record in the UK the following=20
week.[184] In its first three weeks of release, the film sold a total of 19=
.7=20
million DVD and Blu-ray discs combined, a new record for sales in that=20
period.[185] As of July 18, 2012, DVD sales (not including Blu-ray) totaled=
=20
over 10.5 million units sold with $190,806,055 in revenue.[186] Avatar reta=
ined=20
its record as the top-selling Blu-ray in the US market until January 2015, =
when=20
it was surpassed by Disney's Frozen.[187] The Avatar three-disc Extended=20
Collector's Edition on DVD and Blu-ray was released on November 16, 2010. T=
hree=20
different versions of the film are present on the discs: the original=20
theatrical cut (162 minutes), the special edition cut (170 minutes), and a=
=20
collector's extended cut (178 minutes). The DVD set spreads the film across=
 two=20
discs, while the Blu-ray set presents it on a single disc.[188] The collect=
or's=20
extended cut contains 8 more minutes of footage, thus making it 16 minutes=
=20
longer than the original theatrical cut. Cameron mentioned, "you can sit do=
wn,=20
and in a continuous screening of the film, watch it with the Earth opening"=
. He=20
stated the "Earth opening" is an additional 4+1=E2=81=842 minutes of scenes=
 that were=20
in the film for much of its production but were ultimately cut before the=
=20
film's theatrical release.[189] The release also includes an additional 45=
=20
minutes of deleted scenes and other extras.[188] Cameron initially stated t=
hat=20
Avatar would be released in 3D around November 2010, but the studio issued =
a=20
correction: "3-D is in the conceptual stage and Avatar will not be out on 3=
D=20
Blu-ray in November."[190] In May 2010, Fox stated that the 3D version woul=
d be=20
released some time in 2011.[185] It was later revealed that Fox had given=
=20
Panasonic an exclusive license for the 3D Blu-ray version and only with the=
=20
purchase of a Panasonic 3DTV. The length of Panasonic's exclusivity period =
is=20
stated to last until February 2012.[191] On October 2010, Cameron stated th=
at=20
the standalone 3D Blu-ray would be the final version of the film's home rel=
ease=20
and that it was "maybe one, two years out".[192] On Christmas Eve 2010, Ava=
tar=20
had its 3D television world premiere on Sky.[193][194][195] On August 13, 2=
012,=20
Cameron announced on Facebook that Avatar would be released globally on Blu=
-ray=20
3D.[196] The Blu-ray 3D version was finally released on October 16, 2012.[1=
97]=20
Reception Critical response On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, 82% of 31=
9=20
reviews are positive, and the average rating is 7.4/10. The site's consensu=
s=20
reads, "It might be more impressive on a technical level than as a piece of=
=20
storytelling, but Avatar reaffirms James Cameron's singular gift for=20
imaginative, absorbing filmmaking."[198] On Metacritic =E2=80=94 which assi=
gns a=20
weighted mean score =E2=80=94 the film has a score of 83 out of 100 based o=
n 35=20
critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[199] Audiences polled by CinemaSco=
re=20
gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale. Every demographi=
c=20
surveyed was reported to give this rating. These polls also indicated that =
the=20
main draw of the film was its use of 3D.[200] Roger Ebert of the Chicago=20
Sun-Times called the film "extraordinary" and gave it four stars out of fou=
r.=20
"Watching Avatar, I felt sort of the same as when I saw Star Wars in 1977,"=
 he=20
said, adding that like Star Wars and The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship =
of=20
the Ring, the film "employs a new generation of special effects" and it "is=
 not=20
simply a sensational entertainment, although it is that. It's a technical=
=20
breakthrough. It has a flat-out Green and anti-war message".[201] A. O. Sco=
tt=20
of At The Movies also compared his viewing of the film to the first time he=
=20
viewed Star Wars and he said "although the script is a little bit ... obvio=
us,"=20
it was "part of what made it work".[202][203] Todd McCarthy of Variety prai=
sed=20
the film, saying "The King of the World sets his sights on creating another=
=20
world entirely in Avatar, and it's very much a place worth visiting."[204] =
Kirk=20
Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review. "The=
=20
screen is alive with more action and the soundtrack pops with more robust m=
usic=20
than any dozen sci-fi shoot-'em-ups you care to mention," he stated.[205] P=
eter=20
Travers of Rolling Stone awarded Avatar a three-and-a-half out of four star=
=20
rating and wrote in his print review "It extends the possibilities of what=
=20
movies can do. Cameron's talent may just be as big as his dreams."[206] Ric=
hard=20
Corliss of Time magazine thought that the film was "the most vivid and=20
convincing creation of a fantasy world ever seen in the history of moving=
=20
pictures."[207] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times thought the film has=
=20
"powerful" visual accomplishments but "flat dialogue" and "obvious=20
characterization".[208] James Berardinelli of ReelViews praised the film an=
d=20
its story, giving it four out of four stars; he wrote "In 3-D, it's immersi=
ve =E2=80=93=20
but the traditional film elements =E2=80=93 story, character, editing, them=
e, emotional=20
resonance, etc. =E2=80=93 are presented with sufficient expertise to make e=
ven the 2-D=20
version an engrossing 2+1=E2=81=842-hour experience."[209] Avatar's underly=
ing social=20
and political themes attracted attention. Armond White of the New York Pres=
s=20
wrote that Cameron used "villainous American characters" to "misrepresent=
=20
facets of militarism, capitalism, and imperialism".[210][211] Russell D. Mo=
ore=20
of The Christian Post concluded that "propaganda exists in the film" and st=
ated=20
"If you can get a theater full of people in Kentucky to stand and applaud t=
he=20
defeat of their country in war, then you've got some amazing special=20
effects."[212] Adam Cohen of The New York Times was more positive about the=
=20
film, calling its anti-imperialist message "a 22nd-century version of the=
=20
American colonists vs. the British, India vs. the Raj, or Latin America vs.=
=20
United Fruit".[213] Ross Douthat of The New York Times opined that the film=
 is=20
"Cameron's long apologia for pantheism [...] Hollywood's religion of choice=
 for=20
a generation now",[214] while Saritha Prabhu of The Tennessean called the f=
ilm=20
a "misportrayal of pantheism and Eastern spirituality in general",[215] and=
=20
Maxim Osipov of The Hindustan Times, on the contrary, commended the film's=
=20
message for its overall consistency with the teachings of Hinduism in the=
=20
Bhagavad Gita.[216] Annalee Newitz of io9 concluded that Avatar is another =
film=20
that has the recurring "fantasy about race" whereby "some white guy" become=
s=20
the "most awesome" member of a non-white culture.[217] Michael Phillips of =
the=20
Chicago Tribune called Avatar "the season's ideological Rorschach blot",[21=
8]=20
while Miranda Devine of The Sydney Morning Herald thought that "It [was]=20
impossible to watch Avatar without being banged over the head with the=20
director's ideological hammer."[219] Nidesh Lawtoo believed that an essenti=
al,=20
yet less visible social theme that contributed to Avatar's success concerns=
=20
contemporary fascinations with virtual avatars and "the transition from the=
=20
world of reality to that of virtual reality".[220] Critics and audiences ha=
ve=20
cited similarities with other films, literature or media, describing the=20
perceived connections in ways ranging from simple "borrowing" to outright=
=20
plagiarism. Ty Burr of The Boston Globe called it "the same movie" as Dance=
s=20
with Wolves.[221] Like Dances with Wolves, Avatar has been characterized as=
=20
being a "white savior" movie, in which a "backwards" native people is impot=
ent=20
without the leadership of a member of the invading white culture.[222][223]=
=20
Parallels to the concept and use of an avatar are in Poul Anderson's 1957=
=20
novelette "Call Me Joe", in which a paralyzed man uses his mind from orbit =
to=20
control an artificial body on Jupiter.[224][225] Cinema audiences in Russia=
=20
have noted that Avatar has elements in common with the 1960s Noon Universe=
=20
novels by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, which are set in the 22nd century on=
 a=20
forested world called Pandora with a sentient indigenous species called the=
=20
Nave.[226] Various reviews have compared Avatar to the films FernGully: The=
=20
Last Rainforest,[227][228] Pocahontas[229] and The Last Samurai.[230] NPR's=
=20
Morning Edition has compared the film to a montage of tropes, with one=20
commentator stating that Avatar was made by "mixing a bunch of film scripts=
 in=20
a blender".[231] Gary Westfahl wrote that "the science fiction story that m=
ost=20
closely resembles Avatar has to be Ursula Le Guin's novella The Word for Wo=
rld=20
Is Forest (1972), another epic about a benevolent race of alien beings who=
=20
happily inhabit dense forests while living in harmony with nature until the=
y=20
are attacked and slaughtered by invading human soldiers who believe that th=
e=20
only good gook is a dead gook".[225] The science fiction writer and editor=
=20
Gardner Dozois said that along with the Anderson and Le Guin stories, the=
=20
"mash-up" included Alan Dean Foster's 1975 novel, Midworld.[232] Some sourc=
es=20
saw similarities to the artwork of Roger Dean, which features fantastic ima=
ges=20
of dragons and floating rock formations.[233][234] In 2013, Dean sued Camer=
on=20
and Fox, claiming that Pandora was inspired by 14 of his images. Dean sough=
t=20
damages of $50m.[235] Dean's case was dismissed in 2014, and The Hollywood=
=20
Reporter noted that Cameron had won multiple Avatar idea theft cases.[236]=
=20
Avatar received compliments from filmmakers, with Steven Spielberg praising=
 it=20
as "the most evocative and amazing science-fiction movie since Star Wars" a=
nd=20
others calling it "audacious and awe inspiring", "master class", and=20
"brilliant". Noted art director-turned-filmmaker Roger Christian is also a=
=20
noted fan of the film.[237] On the other hand, Duncan Jones said: "It's not=
 in=20
my top three James Cameron films. ... [A]t what point in the film did you h=
ave=20
any doubt what was going to happen next?".[238] For French filmmaker Luc=20
Besson, Avatar opened the doors for him to now create an adaptation of the=
=20
graphic novel series Val=C3=A9rian and Laureline that technologically suppo=
rts the=20
scope of its source material, with Besson even throwing his original script=
 in=20
the trash and redoing it after seeing the film.[239] TIME ranked Avatar num=
ber=20
3 in their list of "The 10 Greatest Movies of the Millennium (Thus Far)"[24=
0]=20
also earning it a spot on the magazine's All-Time 100 list,[241] and IGN li=
sted=20
Avatar as number 22 on their list of the top 25 Sci-Fi movies of all time.=
=20


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 <https://smartpeoplemail.com/>=20


 After the film's release and unusually strong box office performance over =
its=20
first two weeks, it was debated as the one film capable of surpassing Titan=
ic's=20
worldwide gross, and its continued strength perplexed box office analysts.[=
294]=20
Other films in recent years had been cited as contenders for surpassing=20
Titanic, such as 2008's The Dark Knight,[295] but Avatar was considered the=
=20
first film with a genuine chance to do so, and its numbers being aided by=
=20
higher ticket prices for 3D screenings[294] did not fully explain its succe=
ss=20
to box office analysts. "Most films are considered to be healthy if they ma=
nage=20
anything less than a 50% drop from their first weekend to their second. Dip=
ping=20
just 11% from the first to the third is unheard of," said Paul Dergarabedia=
n,=20
president of box-office analysis for Hollywood.com. "This is just=20
unprecedented. I had to do a double take. I thought it was a=20
miscalculation."[296] Analysts predicted second place for the film's worldw=
ide=20
gross, but most were uncertain about it surpassing Titanic because "Today's=
=20
films flame out much faster than they did when Titanic was released."[296]=
=20
Brandon Gray, president of Box Office Mojo, believed in the film's chances =
of=20
becoming the highest-grossing film of all time, though he also believed it =
was=20
too early to surmise because it had only played during the holidays. He sai=
d,=20
"While Avatar may beat Titanic's record, it will be tough, and the film is=
=20
unlikely to surpass Titanic in attendance. Ticket prices were about $3 chea=
per=20
in the late 1990s."[296] Cameron said he did not think it was realistic to =
"try=20
to topple Titanic off its perch" because it "just struck some kind of chord=
"=20
and there had been other good films in recent years.[297] He changed his=20
prediction by mid-January. "It's gonna happen. It's just a matter of time,"=
 he=20
said.[298] You've got to compete head on with these other epic works of fan=
tasy=20
and fiction, the Tolkiens and the Star Wars and the Star Treks. People want=
 a=20
persistent alternate reality to invest themselves in and they want the deta=
il=20
that makes it rich and worth their time. They want to live somewhere else. =
Like=20
Pandora. James Cameron on the success of Avatar[299] Although analysts have=
=20
been unable to agree that Avatar's success is attributable to one primary=
=20
factor, several explanations have been advanced. First, January is historic=
ally=20
"the dumping ground for the year's weakest films", and this also applied to=
=20
2010.[300] Cameron himself said he decided to open the film in December so =
that=20
it would have less competition from then to January.[287] Titanic capitaliz=
ed=20
on the same January predictability, and earned most of its gross in 1998.[3=
00]=20
Additionally, Avatar established itself as a "must-see" event. Gray said, "=
At=20
this point, people who are going to see Avatar are going to see Avatar and=
=20
would even if the slate was strong."[300] Marketing the film as a "novelty=
=20
factor" also helped. Fox positioned the film as a cinematic event that shou=
ld=20
be seen in the theaters. "It's really hard to sell the idea that you can ha=
ve=20
the same experience at home," stated David Mumpower, an analyst at=20
BoxOfficeProphets.com.[300] The "Oscar buzz" surrounding the film and=20
international viewings helped. "Two-thirds of Titanic's haul was earned=20
overseas, and Avatar [tracked] similarly ...Avatar opened in 106 markets=20
globally and was No. 1 in all of them", and the markets "such as Russia, wh=
ere=20
Titanic saw modest receipts in 1997 and 1998, are white-hot today" with "mo=
re=20
screens and moviegoers" than before.[300] According to Variety, films in 3D=
=20
accumulated $1.3 billion in 2009, "a threefold increase over 2008 and more =
than=20
10% of the total 2009 box-office gross". The increased ticket price =E2=80=
=93 an=20
average of $2 to $3 per ticket in most markets =E2=80=93 helped the film.[3=
00]=20
Likewise, Entertainment Weekly attributed the film's success to 3D glasses =
but=20
also to its "astronomic word-of-mouth". Not only do some theaters charge up=
 to=20
$18.50 for IMAX tickets, but "the buzz" created by the new technology was t=
he=20
possible cause for sold-out screenings.[301] Gray said Avatar having no bas=
is=20
in previously established material makes its performance remarkable and eve=
n=20
more impressive. "The movie might be derivative of many movies in its story=
 and=20
themes," he said, "but it had no direct antecedent like the other top-gross=
ing=20
films: Titanic (historical events), the Star Wars movies (an established fi=
lm=20
franchise), or The Lord of the Rings (literature). It was a tougher sell=20
..."[300] The Hollywood Reporter estimated that after a combined production=
 and=20
promotion cost of between $387=E2=80=93437 million, the film turned a net p=
rofit of=20
$1.2 billion.
------=_Part_5376155_240242834.1705345003643
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ody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table class=3D"row row-3" align=3D"c=
enter" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=
=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso=
-table-rspace: 0;"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style=3D"bo=
x-sizing: border-box;"><td style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><table class=
=3D"row-content stack" align=3D"center" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cell=
spacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-ta=
ble-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; background-color: #fff; border-radius: =
0; color: #000; width: 600px; margin: 0 auto;" width=3D"600" bgcolor=3D"#ff=
f"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border=
-box;"><td class=3D"column column-1" width=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: bo=
rder-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; font-weight: 400; text-=
align: left; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-top: 2px; vertical-align: top; bo=
rder-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-left: 0;" align=3D"l=
eft" valign=3D"top"><table class=3D"html_block block-1" width=3D"100%" bord=
er=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D=
"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr sty=
le=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: borde=
r-box;"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica =
Neue,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;" align=3D"center"><div style=
=3D"box-sizing: border-box; display: none; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; ove=
rflow: hidden; mso-hide: all; height: 0; font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-=
height: 0; margin: 0;">Principal photography for Avatar began in April 2007=
 in Los Angeles and Wellington. Cameron described the film as a hybrid with=
 a full live-action shoot in combination with computer-generated characters=
 and live environments. "Ideally at the end of the day the audience has no =
idea which they're looking at," Cameron said. The director indicated that h=
e had already worked four months on nonprincipal scenes for the film.[66] T=
he live action was shot with a modified version of the proprietary digital =
3-D Fusion Camera System, developed by Cameron and Vince Pace.[67] In Janua=
ry 2007, Fox had announced that 3-D filming for Avatar would be done at 24 =
frames per second despite Cameron's strong opinion that a 3-D film requires=
 higher frame rate to make strobing less noticeable.[68] According to Camer=
on, the film is composed of 60% computer-generated elements and 40% live ac=
tion, as well as traditional miniatures.[69] Motion-capture photography las=
ted 31 days at the Hughes Aircraft stage in Playa Vista in Los Angeles.[54]=
[70] Live action photography began in October 2007 at Stone Street Studios =
in Wellington and was scheduled to last 31 days.[71] More than a thousand p=
eople worked on the production.[70] In preparation of the filming sequences=
, all of the actors underwent professional training specific to their chara=
cters such as archery, horseback riding, firearm use, and hand-to-hand comb=
at. They received language and dialect training in the Na'vi language creat=
ed for the film.[72] Before shooting the film, Cameron also sent the cast t=
o the Hawaiian tropical rainforests[73] to get a feel for a rainforest sett=
ing before shooting on the soundstage.[72] During filming, Cameron made use=
 of his virtual camera system, a new way of directing motion-capture filmma=
king. The system shows the actors' virtual counterparts in their digital su=
rroundings in real time, allowing the director to adjust and direct scenes =
just as if shooting live action. According to Cameron, "It's like a big, po=
werful game engine. If I want to fly through space, or change my perspectiv=
e, I can. I can turn the whole scene into a living miniature and go through=
 it on a 50 to 1 scale."[74] Using conventional techniques, the complete vi=
rtual world cannot be seen until the motion-capture of the actors is comple=
te. Cameron said this process does not diminish the value or importance of =
acting. On the contrary, because there is no need for repeated camera and l=
ighting setups, costume fittings and make-up touch-ups, scenes do not need =
to be interrupted repeatedly.[75] Cameron described the system as a "form o=
f pure creation where if you want to move a tree or a mountain or the sky o=
r change the time of day, you have complete control over the elements".[76]=
 Cameron gave fellow directors Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson a chance =
to test the new technology.[65] Spielberg said, "I like to think of it as d=
igital makeup, not augmented animation ... Motion capture brings the direct=
or back to a kind of intimacy that actors and directors only know when they=
're working in live theater."[75] Spielberg and George Lucas were also able=
 to visit the set to watch Cameron direct with the equipment.[77] To film t=
he shots where CGI interacts with live action, a unique camera referred to =
as a "simulcam" was used, a merger of the 3-D fusion camera and the virtual=
 camera systems. While filming live action in real time with the simulcam, =
the CGI images captured with the virtual camera or designed from scratch, a=
re superimposed over the live action images as in augmented reality and sho=
wn on a small monitor, making it possible for the director to instruct the =
actors how to relate to the virtual material in the scene.[72] Due to Camer=
on's personal convictions about climate change, he allowed only plant-based=
 (vegan) food to be served on set. </div></div></td></tr> </table></td></tr=
></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table class=3D"row row-4" align=
=3D"center" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0"=
 role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0=
; mso-table-rspace: 0; background-size: auto;"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: =
border-box;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td style=3D"box-sizing:=
 border-box;"><table class=3D"row-content stack" align=3D"center" border=3D=
"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; background-co=
lor: #fff; background-size: auto; color: #000; width: 600px; margin: 0 auto=
;" width=3D"600" bgcolor=3D"#fff"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;">=
<tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"column column-1" width=
=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-r=
space: 0; font-weight: 400; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1px; padding-=
top: 2px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-botto=
m: 0; border-left: 0;" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top"><table class=3D"html_b=
lock block-1" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"=
0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace:=
 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=
=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border=
-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: c=
enter;" align=3D"center"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; display: non=
e; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; mso-hide: all; height: 0;=
 font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: 0; margin: 0;">A number of innov=
ative visual effects techniques were used during production. According to C=
ameron, work on the film had been delayed since the 1990s to allow the tech=
niques to reach the necessary degree of advancement to adequately portray h=
is vision of the film.[13][14] The director planned to make use of photorea=
listic computer-generated characters, created using new motion capture anim=
ation technologies he had been developing in the 14 months leading up to De=
cember 2006.[74] Innovations include a new system for lighting massive area=
s like Pandora's jungle,[80] a motion-capture stage or "volume" six times l=
arger than any previously used, and an improved method of capturing facial =
expressions, enabling full performance capture. To achieve the face capturi=
ng, actors wore individually made skull caps fitted with a tiny camera posi=
tioned in front of the actors' faces; the information collected about their=
 facial expressions and eyes is then transmitted to computers.[81] Accordin=
g to Cameron, the method allows the filmmakers to transfer 100% of the acto=
rs' physical performances to their digital counterparts.[82] Besides the pe=
rformance capture data which were transferred directly to the computers, nu=
merous reference cameras gave the digital artists multiple angles of each p=
erformance.[83] A technically challenging scene was near the end of the fil=
m when the computer-generated Neytiri held the live action Jake in human fo=
rm, and attention was given to the details of the shadows and reflected lig=
ht between them.[84] The lead visual effects company was Weta Digital in We=
llington, at one point employing 900 people to work on the film.[85] Becaus=
e of the huge amount of data which needed to be stored, cataloged and avail=
able for everybody involved, even on the other side of the world, a new clo=
ud computing and Digital Asset Management (DAM) system named Gaia was creat=
ed by Microsoft especially for Avatar, which allowed the crews to keep trac=
k of and coordinate all stages in the digital processing.[86] To render Ava=
tar, Weta used a 930 m2 (10,000 sq ft) server farm making use of 4,000 Hewl=
ett-Packard servers with 35,000 processor cores with 104 terabytes of RAM a=
nd three petabytes of network area storage running Ubuntu Linux, Grid Engin=
e cluster manager, and 2 of the animation software and managers, Pixar's Re=
nderMan and Pixar's Alfred queue management system.[87][88][89][90] The ren=
der farm occupies the 193rd to 197th spots in the TOP500 list of the world'=
s most powerful supercomputers. A new texturing and paint software system, =
called Mari, was developed by The Foundry in cooperation with Weta.[91][92]=
 Creating the Na'vi characters and the virtual world of Pandora required ov=
er a petabyte of digital storage,[93] and each minute of the final footage =
for Avatar occupies 17.28 gigabytes of storage.[94] It would often take the=
 computer several hours to render a single frame of the film.[95] To help f=
inish preparing the special effects sequences on time, a number of other co=
mpanies were brought on board, including Industrial Light & Magic, which wo=
rked alongside Weta Digital to create the battle sequences. ILM was respons=
ible for the visual effects for many of the film's specialized vehicles and=
 devised a new way to make CGI explosions.[96] Joe Letteri was the film's v=
isual effects general supervisor.[97] Music and soundtrack Main article: Av=
atar: Music from the Motion Picture James Horner =E2=80=93 "Jake Enters His=
 Avatar World" 0:32 listen to a clip from the score of the 2009 film Avatar=
. Problems playing this file? See media help. Composer James Horner scored =
the film, his third collaboration with Cameron after Aliens and Titanic.[98=
] Horner recorded parts of the score with a small chorus singing in the ali=
en language Na'vi in March 2008.[99] He also worked with Wanda Bryant, an e=
thnomusicologist, to create a music culture for the alien race.[100] The fi=
rst scoring sessions were planned to take place in early 2009.[101] During =
production, Horner promised Cameron that he would not work on any other pro=
ject except for Avatar and reportedly worked on the score from four in the =
morning until ten at night throughout the process. He stated in an intervie=
w, "Avatar has been the most difficult film I have worked on and the bigges=
t job I have undertaken."[102] Horner composed the score as two different s=
cores merged into one. He first created a score that reflected the Na'vi wa=
y of sound and then combined it with a separate "traditional" score to driv=
e the film.[72] British singer Leona Lewis was chosen to sing the theme son=
g for the film, called "I See You". An accompanying music video, directed b=
y Jake Nava, premiered December 15, 2009, on MySpace. </div></div></td></tr=
></table><table class=3D"text_block block-2" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" ce=
llpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing=
: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; word-break: break-w=
ord;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 7px; padding-left: 2px; padding-right: =
2px; padding-top: 2px;"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: =
Tahoma,Verdana,sans-serif;"><div class style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; fon=
t-size: 12px; font-family: Roboto,Tahoma,Verdana,Segoe,sans-serif; mso-line=
-height-alt: 14.399999999999999px; color: #7da496; line-height: 1.2;"><p st=
yle=3D"box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit; margin: 0; text-align:=
 center; mso-line-height-alt: 14.399999999999999px;">At times, our affiliat=
e partners reach out to the Editors at&nbsp;<strong style=3D"box-sizing: bo=
rder-box;">Smart People Mail</strong>&nbsp;with special opportunities for o=
ur readers. The message below is one we think you should take a close, seri=
ous look at.</p></div></div></td></tr></table><table class=3D"divider_block=
 block-3" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" r=
ole=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; =
mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"pa=
d" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 1px;=
 padding-right: 1px; padding-top: 5px;"><div class=3D"alignment" align=3D"c=
enter" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><table border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D=
"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" width=3D"100%" style=3D"box-siz=
ing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"bo=
x-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"divider_inner" style=3D"box-sizing: bor=
der-box; font-size: 1px; line-height: 1px; border-top: 1px solid #000;"><sp=
an style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;">&#8202;</span></td></tr></table></div>=
</td></tr></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><tabl=
e class=3D"row row-5" align=3D"center" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadd=
ing=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: bord=
er-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tbody style=3D"box-sizi=
ng: border-box;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td style=3D"box-siz=
ing: border-box;"><table class=3D"row-content stack" align=3D"center" borde=
r=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"=
box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; backgroun=
d-color: #fff; border-radius: 0; color: #000; width: 600px; margin: 0 auto;=
" width=3D"600" bgcolor=3D"#fff"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><=
tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"column column-1" width=3D=
"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspa=
ce: 0; font-weight: 400; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; border-top:=
 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-left: 0;" align=3D"left" vali=
gn=3D"top"><table class=3D"html_block block-1" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" =
cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizi=
ng: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box=
-sizing: border-box;"> <td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;">=
<div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica Neue,Hel=
vetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;" align=3D"center"><div style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box; display: none; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: h=
idden; mso-hide: all; height: 0; font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: =
0; margin: 0;">Avatar is primarily an action-adventure journey of self-disc=
overy, in the context of imperialism, and deep ecology.[104] Cameron said h=
is inspiration was "every single science fiction book I read as a kid" and =
that he wanted to update the style of Edgar Rice Burroughs' John Carter ser=
ies.[11] He acknowledged that Avatar shares themes with the films At Play i=
n the Fields of the Lord, The Emerald Forest, and Princess Mononoke, which =
feature clashes between cultures and civilizations, and with Dances with Wo=
lves, where a battered soldier finds himself drawn to the culture he was in=
itially fighting against.[105][106] He also cited Hayao Miyazaki's anime fi=
lms such as Princess Mononoke as an influence on the ecosystem of Pandora.[=
106] In 2012, Cameron filed a 45-page legal declaration that intended to "d=
escribe in great detail the genesis of the ideas, themes, storylines, and i=
mages that came to be Avatar."[107] In addition to historical events (such =
as European colonization of the Americas), his life experiences and several=
 of his unproduced projects, Cameron drew connections between Avatar and hi=
s previous films. He cited his script and concept art for Xenogenesis, part=
ially produced as a short film, as being the basis for many of the ideas an=
d visual designs in Avatar. He stated that Avatar's "concepts of a world mi=
nd, intelligence within nature, the idea of projecting force or consciousne=
ss using an avatar, colonization of alien planets, greedy corporate interes=
ts backed up by military force, the story of a seemingly weaker group preva=
iling over a technologically superior force, and the good scientist were al=
l established and recurrent themes" from his earlier films including Aliens=
, The Abyss, Rambo: First Blood Part II, The Terminator and Terminator 2: J=
udgment Day. He specifically mentioned the "water tentacle" in The Abyss as=
 an example of an "avatar" that "takes on the appearance of...an alien life=
 form...in order to bridge the cultural gap and build trust."[108] Cameron =
also cited a number of works by other creators as "reference points and sou=
rces of inspiration" for Avatar. These include two of his "favorite" films,=
 2001: A Space Odyssey, where mankind experiences an evolution after meetin=
g alien life, and Lawrence of Arabia, where "an outsider...encounters and i=
mmerses into a foreign culture and then ultimately joins that group to figh=
t other outsiders." Cameron said he became familiar with the concept of a h=
uman operating a "synthetic avatar" inside another world from George Henry =
Smith's short story "In the Imagicon" and Arthur C. Clarke's novel The City=
 and the Stars. He said he learned of the term "avatar" by reading the cybe=
rpunk novels Neuromancer by William Gibson and Islands in the Net by Bruce =
Sterling. The idea of a "world mind" originated in the novel Solaris by Sta=
nislaw Lem. Cameron mentioned several other films about people interacting =
with "indigenous cultures" as inspiring him, including Dances with Wolves, =
The Man Who Would Be King, The Mission, The Emerald Forest, Medicine Man, T=
he Jungle Book and FernGully. He also cited as inspiration the John Carter =
and Tarzan stories by Edgar Rice Burroughs and other adventure stories by R=
udyard Kipling and H. Rider Haggard.[108] In a 2007 interview with Time mag=
azine, Cameron was asked about the meaning of the term Avatar, to which he =
replied, "It's an incarnation of one of the Hindu gods taking a flesh form.=
 In this film what that means is that the human technology in the future is=
 capable of injecting a human's intelligence into a remotely located body, =
a biological body."[10] Cameron also cited the Japanese cyberpunk manga and=
 anime Ghost in the Shell, in terms of how humans can remotely control, and=
 transfer their personalities into, alien bodies.[109][110] For the love st=
ory between characters Jake and Neytiri, Cameron applied a star-crossed lov=
e theme, which he said was in the tradition of Romeo and Juliet.[108] He ac=
knowledged its similarity to the pairing of Jack and Rose from his film Tit=
anic. An interviewer stated, "Both couples come from radically different cu=
ltures that are contemptuous of their relationship and are forced to choose=
 sides between the competing communities."[113] Cameron described Neytiri a=
s his "Pocahontas," saying that his plotline followed the historical story =
of a "white outsider [who] falls in love with the chief's daughter, who bec=
omes his guide to the tribe and to their special bond with nature."[108] Ca=
meron felt that whether or not the Jake and Neytiri love story would be per=
ceived as believable partially hinged on the physical attractiveness of Ney=
tiri's alien appearance, which was developed by considering her appeal to t=
he all-male crew of artists.[114] Although Cameron felt Jake and Neytiri do=
 not fall in love right away, their portrayers (Worthington and Saldana) fe=
lt the characters did. Cameron said the two actors "had a great chemistry" =
during filming.[113] A gray mountain in the middle of a forest. Pandora's f=
loating "Hallelujah Mountains" were inspired in part by the Chinese Huangsh=
an mountains (pictured).[115] Zhangjiajie National Forest Park For the film=
's floating "Hallelujah Mountains", the designers drew inspiration from "ma=
ny different types of mountains, but mainly the karst limestone formations =
in China."[116] According to production designer Dylan Cole, the fictional =
floating rocks were inspired by Huangshan (also known as Yellow Mountain), =
Guilin, Zhangjiajie, among others around the world.[116] Cameron had noted =
the influence of the Chinese peaks on the design of the floating mountains.=
[117] To create the interiors of the human mining colony on Pandora, produc=
tion designers visited the Noble Clyde Boudreaux[118] oil platform in the G=
ulf of Mexico during June 2007. They photographed, measured and filmed ever=
y aspect of the platform, which was later replicated on-screen with photore=
alistic CGI during post-production. </div></div></td></tr></table></td></tr=
></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table class=3D"row row-6" align=
=3D"center" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0"=
 role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0=
; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style=
=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><table c=
lass=3D"row-content stack" align=3D"center" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" =
cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; ms=
o-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; background-color: #fff; border-radi=
us: 0; color: #000; width: 600px; margin: 0 auto;" width=3D"600" bgcolor=3D=
"#fff"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: bo=
rder-box;"><td class=3D"column column-1" width=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing=
: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; font-weight: 400; t=
ext-align: left; padding-top: 5px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 0; bord=
er-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-left: 0;" align=3D"left" valign=3D"to=
p"><table class=3D"html_block block-1" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadd=
ing=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: bord=
er-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing:=
 border-box;"><td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><div styl=
e=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,sa=
ns-serif; text-align: center;" align=3D"center"><div style=3D"box-sizing: b=
order-box; display: none; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; ms=
o-hide: all; height: 0; font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: 0; margin=
: 0;">The first photo of the film was released on August 14, 2009,[124] and=
 Empire released exclusive images from the film in its October issue.[125] =
Cameron, producer Jon Landau, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, and Sigourney Weav=
er appeared at a panel, moderated by Tom Rothman, at the 2009 San Diego Com=
ic-Con on July 23. Twenty-five minutes of footage was screened[126] in Dolb=
y 3D.[127] Weaver and Cameron appeared at additional panels to promote the =
film, speaking on the 23rd[128] and 24th[129][130] respectively. James Came=
ron announced at the Comic-Con Avatar Panel that August 21 will be 'Avatar =
Day'. On this day, the trailer was released in all theatrical formats. The =
official game trailer and toy line of the film were also unveiled on this d=
ay.[131] The 129-second trailer was released online on August 20, 2009.[132=
] The new 210-second trailer was premiered in theaters on October 23, 2009,=
 then soon after premiered online on Yahoo! on October 29, 2009, to positiv=
e reviews.[133][134] An extended version in IMAX 3D received overwhelmingly=
 positive reviews.[132] The Hollywood Reporter said that audience expectati=
ons were colored by "the [same] establishment skepticism that preceded Tita=
nic" and suggested the showing reflected the desire for original storytelli=
ng.[135] The teaser has been among the most viewed trailers in the history =
of film marketing, reaching the first place of all trailers viewed on Apple=
.com with 4 million views.[136] On October 30, to celebrate the opening of =
the first 3-D cinema in Vietnam, Fox allowed Megastar Cinema to screen excl=
usive 16 minutes of Avatar to a number of press.[137] The three-and-a-half-=
minute trailer of the film premiered live on November 1, 2009, during a Dal=
las Cowboys football game at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, on the Di=
amond Vision screen, one of the world's largest video displays, and to TV a=
udiences viewing the game on Fox. It is said to be the largest live motion =
picture trailer viewing in history.[138] The Coca-Cola Company collaborated=
 with Fox to launch a worldwide marketing campaign to promote the film. The=
 highlight of the campaign was the website AVTR.com. Specially marked bottl=
es and cans of Coca-Cola Zero, when held in front of a webcam, enabled user=
s to interact with the website's 3-D features using augmented reality (AR) =
technology.[139] The film was heavily promoted in an episode of the Fox ser=
ies Bones in the episode "The Gamer In The Grease" (Season 5, Episode 9). A=
vatar star Joel David Moore has a recurring role on the program, and is see=
n in the episode anxiously awaiting the release of the film.[140] A week pr=
ior to the American release, Zoe Saldana promoted the film on Adult Swim wh=
en she was interviewed by an animated Space Ghost.[141] McDonald's had a pr=
omotion mentioned in television commercials in Europe called "Avatarize you=
rself", which encouraged people to go to the website set up by Oddcast, and=
 use a photograph of themselves to change into a Na'vi.[142] Books Avatar: =
A Confidential Report on the Biological and Social History of Pandora, a 22=
4-page book in the form of a field guide to the film's fictional setting of=
 the planet of Pandora, was released by Harper Entertainment on November 24=
, 2009.[143] It is presented as a compilation of data collected by the huma=
ns about Pandora and the life on it, written by Maria Wilhelm and Dirk Math=
ison. HarperFestival also released Wilhelm's 48-page James Cameron's Avatar=
: The Reusable Scrapbook for children.[144] The Art of Avatar was released =
on November 30, 2009, by Abrams Books. The book features detailed productio=
n artwork from the film, including production sketches, illustrations by Li=
sa Fitzpatrick, and film stills. Producer Jon Landau wrote the foreword, Ca=
meron wrote the epilogue, and director Peter Jackson wrote the preface.[145=
] In October 2010, Abrams Books also released The Making of Avatar, a 272-p=
age book that detailed the film's production process and contains over 500 =
color photographs and illustrations.[146] In a 2009 interview, Cameron said=
 that he planned to write a novel version of Avatar after the film was rele=
ased.[147] In February 2010, producer Jon Landau stated that Cameron plans =
a prequel novel for Avatar that will "lead up to telling the story of the m=
ovie, but it would go into much more depth about all the stories that we di=
dn't have time to deal with", saying that "Jim wants to write a novel that =
is a big, epic story that fills in a lot of things".[148] In August 2013 it=
 was announced that Cameron hired Steven Gould to pen four standalone novel=
s to expand the Avatar universe.[149] ance Post released a special limited =
edition stamp based on Avatar, coinciding with the film's worldwide release=
. </div></div></td></tr></table><table class=3D"html_block block-2" width=
=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presenta=
tion" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspac=
e: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box=
-sizing: border-box;"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Ar=
ial,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;" align=3D"cent=
er"> <table width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0"=
 style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%;"> <tr style=3D"box-sizin=
g: border-box;"> <td align=3D"center" valign=3D"top" style=3D"box-sizing: b=
order-box;"> <table class=3D"primary-table-limit content-table" bgcolor=3D"=
#FFFFFF" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" width=3D"100%" st=
yle=3D"box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 600px;"> <tr style=3D"box-sizing:=
 border-box;"> <td class=3D"content-vertical-space" align=3D"center" style=
=3D"box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"> <tab=
le class=3D"content-inner-table" border=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" cellpadding=
=3D"0" width=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; width: 100%;"> <tr s=
tyle=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> <td height=3D"30" width=3D"100%" style=3D=
"box-sizing: border-box; max-width: 100%;" class=3D"md-horizontal-space"></=
td> </tr> <tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> <td style=3D"box-sizing: b=
order-box; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-w=
eight: normal; line-height: 1.5; text-align: left; color: #000000;" align=
=3D"left"> <span style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto; font=
-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5; tex=
t-align: left; color: #000000;"> Dear Reader,<br style=3D"box-sizing: borde=
r-box;"><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> Ian King is easily the top c=
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ince 2013 when it was trading for about $100.<br style=3D"box-sizing: borde=
r-box;"><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> In 2018, bitcoin had just pl=
ummeted from its high of $20,000 and the naysayers were out in full force.<=
br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;">=
 <em style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;">Entrepreneur</em> called it: =E2=80=
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stors will get slaughtered.=E2=80=9D<br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><=
br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> Yet, despite all this, Ian King went =
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 has the potential to be 20 times bigger than bitcoin in the next decade.<b=
r style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> =
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cU3rwZoySi5E73eBUe6loc4Gae_" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: =
Roboto; text-decoration: underline; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700;"> hi=
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xzkgrkKsCTA1S0Z5M3IVN_7zLbMSItn_6LQQU_DZg3hRC2yrae2QcDFpGR8qM7H_xJvYDa4ARHV=
Qd8cZ2mTVtWhBpTRUE9kIXNKhgYC8D8GpvsLoga_Z8AQi2keEXSdHm5TKHYi" style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto; text-decoration: underline; font-s=
ize: 16px; font-weight: 700;"> Go here to get Ian=E2=80=99s No. 1 crypto re=
commendation for 2024.</a><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><br style=
=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> Regards,<br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"=
><br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> </span> </td> </tr> <tr style=3D"bo=
x-sizing: border-box;"> <td class=3D"img-bg-block" align=3D"left" style=3D"=
box-sizing: border-box; padding-bottom: 20px;"> <img alt=3D"Signature" heig=
ht=3D"auto" src=3D"https://smartpeoplemail.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/S=
arahWilliamsSig.jpg" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; border: 0; display: b=
lock; outline: none; text-decoration: none; height: auto; width: 200px; max=
-width: 100%; font-size: 13px;" width=3D"200"> </td> </tr> <tr style=3D"box=
-sizing: border-box;"> <td style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Ro=
boto; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height=
: 1.5; text-align: left; color: #000000;" align=3D"left"> <span style=3D"bo=
x-sizing: border-box; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 16px; font-style: nor=
mal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5; text-align: left; color: #00000=
0;"> Sarah Williams<br style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"> Associate Editori=
al Manager, Banyan Hill Publishing </span> </td> </tr> <tr style=3D"box-siz=
ing: border-box;"> <td height=3D"30" width=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: bo=
rder-box; max-width: 100%;" class=3D"md-horizontal-space"></td> </tr> </tab=
le> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table></div></td></tr></table><table=
 class=3D"html_block block-3" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0"=
 cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; m=
so-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-b=
ox;"><td class=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><div style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,sans-serif;=
 text-align: center;" align=3D"center"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box=
; display: none; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; mso-hide: a=
ll; height: 0; font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: 0; margin: 0;">Ini=
tial screening Avatar premiered in London on December 10, 2009, and was rel=
eased theatrically worldwide from December 16 to 18.[156] The film was orig=
inally set for release on May 22, 2009, during filming[157] but was pushed =
back to allow more post-production time (the last shots were delivered in N=
ovember)[80] and give more time for theaters worldwide to install 3D projec=
tors.[158] Cameron stated that the film's aspect ratio would be 1.78:1 for =
3D screenings and that a 2.39:1 image would be extracted for 2D screenings.=
[159][160] However, a 3D 2.39:1 extract was approved for use with constant-=
image-height screens (i.e., screens that increase in width to display 2.39:=
1 films).[161] During a 3D preview showing in Germany on December 16, the m=
ovie's DRM "protection" system malfunctioned, and some copies delivered wer=
en=E2=80=99t watched at all in the theaters. The problems were fixed in tim=
e for the public premiere.[162] Avatar was released in a total of 3,457 the=
aters in the US, of which 2,032 theaters showed it in 3D. In total, 90% of =
all advance ticket sales for Avatar were for 3D screenings.[163] Internatio=
nally, Avatar opened on a total of 14,604 screens in 106 territories, of wh=
ich 3,671 were showing the film in 3D (producing 56% of the first weekend g=
ross).[164][165] The film was simultaneously presented in IMAX 3D format, o=
pening in 178 theaters in the United States on December 18. The internation=
al IMAX release included 58 theaters beginning on December 16, and 25 more =
theaters were to be added in the coming weeks.[166] The IMAX release was th=
e company's widest to date, a total of 261 theaters worldwide. The previous=
 IMAX record opening was Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, which open=
ed in 161 IMAX theaters in the US, and about 70 international.[167] 20th Ce=
ntury Fox Korea adapted and later released Avatar in 4D version, which incl=
uded "moving seats, smells of explosives, sprinkling water, laser lights an=
d wind".[20] Post-original release In July 2010, Cameron confirmed that the=
re would be an extended theatrical rerelease of the film on August 27, 2010=
, exclusively in 3D theaters and IMAX 3D.[168] Avatar: Special Edition incl=
udes an additional nine minutes of footage, all of which is CG,[169] includ=
ing an extension of the sex scene[170] and various other scenes that were c=
ut from the original theatrical film.[169] This extended re-release resulte=
d in the film's run time approaching the then-current IMAX platter maximum =
of 170 minutes, thereby leaving less time for the end credits. Cameron stat=
ed that the nine minutes of added scenes cost more than $1 million a minute=
 to produce and finish.[171] During its 12-week re-release, Avatar: Special=
 Edition grossed an additional $10.74 million in North America and $22.46 m=
illion overseas for a worldwide total of $33.2 million.[5] The film was lat=
er re-released in China in March 2021, allowing it to surpass Avengers: End=
game to become the highest-grossing film of all time.[24] Avatar was re-rel=
eased in theaters on September 23, 2022, by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pict=
ures for a limited two week engagement, with the film being remastered in 4=
K high-dynamic range, with select scenes at a high frame rate of 48-frames-=
per-second.[172] The reissue was prior to the December 2022 premiere of its=
 sequel, Avatar: The Way of Water.[173] Prior to this, Cameron previously t=
eased a re-release of the film back in 2017 when promoting the Dolby Cinema=
 re-release of Titanic, stating that there were plans in the works to remas=
ter the film with Dolby Vision and re-release it in Dolby Cinema. </div></d=
iv></td></tr></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><t=
able class=3D"row row-7" align=3D"center" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellp=
adding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: b=
order-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tbody style=3D"box-s=
izing: border-box;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td style=3D"box-=
sizing: border-box;"><table class=3D"row-content stack" align=3D"center" bo=
rder=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D"0" role=3D"presentation" style=
=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0; backg=
round-color: #fff; border-radius: 0; color: #000; width: 600px; margin: 0 a=
uto;" width=3D"600" bgcolor=3D"#fff"><tbody style=3D"box-sizing: border-box=
;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=3D"column column-1" widt=
h=3D"100%" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace: 0; mso-table-=
rspace: 0; font-weight: 400; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 5px; padding=
-top: 5px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bott=
om: 0; border-left: 0;" align=3D"left" valign=3D"top"><table class=3D"html_=
block block-1" width=3D"100%" border=3D"0" cellpadding=3D"0" cellspacing=3D=
"0" role=3D"presentation" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; mso-table-lspace=
: 0; mso-table-rspace: 0;"><tr style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><td class=
=3D"pad" style=3D"box-sizing: border-box;"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border=
-box; font-family: Arial,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: c=
enter;" align=3D"center"><div style=3D"box-sizing: border-box; display: non=
e; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; mso-hide: all; height: 0;=
 font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: 0; margin: 0;">Home media 20th C=
entury Fox Home Entertainment released the film on DVD and Blu-ray in the U=
S on April 22, 2010,[175] and in the UK on April 26.[176] The US release wa=
s not on a Tuesday as is the norm, but was done to coincide with Earth Day.=
[177] The first DVD and Blu-ray release does not contain any supplemental f=
eatures other than the theatrical film and the disc menu in favor of and to=
 make space for optimal picture and sound. The release also preserves the f=
ilm's native 1.78:1 (16:9) format as Cameron felt that was the best format =
to watch the film.[178] The Blu-ray disc contains DRM (BD+ 5) which some Bl=
u-ray players might not support without a firmware update.[179][180] Avatar=
 set a first-day launch record in the U.S. for Blu-ray sales at 1.5 million=
 units sold, breaking the record previously held by The Dark Knight (600,00=
0 units sold). First-day DVD and Blu-ray sales combined were over four mill=
ion units sold.[181] In its first four days of release, sales of Avatar on =
Blu-ray reached 2.7 million in the United States and Canada =E2=80=93 overt=
aking The Dark Knight to become the best ever selling Blu-ray release in th=
e region.[182][183] The release later broke the Blu-ray sales record in the=
 UK the following week.[184] In its first three weeks of release, the film =
sold a total of 19.7 million DVD and Blu-ray discs combined, a new record f=
or sales in that period.[185] As of July 18, 2012, DVD sales (not including=
 Blu-ray) totaled over 10.5 million units sold with $190,806,055 in revenue=
.[186] Avatar retained its record as the top-selling Blu-ray in the US mark=
et until January 2015, when it was surpassed by Disney's Frozen.[187] The A=
vatar three-disc Extended Collector's Edition on DVD and Blu-ray was releas=
ed on November 16, 2010. Three different versions of the film are present o=
n the discs: the original theatrical cut (162 minutes), the special edition=
 cut (170 minutes), and a collector's extended cut (178 minutes). The DVD s=
et spreads the film across two discs, while the Blu-ray set presents it on =
a single disc.[188] The collector's extended cut contains 8 more minutes of=
 footage, thus making it 16 minutes longer than the original theatrical cut=
. Cameron mentioned, "you can sit down, and in a continuous screening of th=
e film, watch it with the Earth opening". He stated the "Earth opening" is =
an additional 4+1=E2=81=842 minutes of scenes that were in the film for muc=
h of its production but were ultimately cut before the film's theatrical re=
lease.[189] The release also includes an additional 45 minutes of deleted s=
cenes and other extras.[188] Cameron initially stated that Avatar would be =
released in 3D around November 2010, but the studio issued a correction: "3=
-D is in the conceptual stage and Avatar will not be out on 3D Blu-ray in N=
ovember."[190] In May 2010, Fox stated that the 3D version would be release=
d some time in 2011.[185] It was later revealed that Fox had given Panasoni=
c an exclusive license for the 3D Blu-ray version and only with the purchas=
e of a Panasonic 3DTV. The length of Panasonic's exclusivity period is stat=
ed to last until February 2012.[191] On October 2010, Cameron stated that t=
he standalone 3D Blu-ray would be the final version of the film's home rele=
ase and that it was "maybe one, two years out".[192] On Christmas Eve 2010,=
 Avatar had its 3D television world premiere on Sky.[193][194][195] On Augu=
st 13, 2012, Cameron announced on Facebook that Avatar would be released gl=
obally on Blu-ray 3D.[196] The Blu-ray 3D version was finally released on O=
ctober 16, 2012.[197] Reception Critical response On review aggregator Rott=
en Tomatoes, 82% of 319 reviews are positive, and the average rating is 7.4=
/10. The site's consensus reads, "It might be more impressive on a technica=
l level than as a piece of storytelling, but Avatar reaffirms James Cameron=
's singular gift for imaginative, absorbing filmmaking."[198] On Metacritic=
 =E2=80=94 which assigns a weighted mean score =E2=80=94 the film has a sco=
re of 83 out of 100 based on 35 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[19=
9] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on=
 an A+ to F scale. Every demographic surveyed was reported to give this rat=
ing. These polls also indicated that the main draw of the film was its use =
of 3D.[200] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times called the film "extraordi=
nary" and gave it four stars out of four. "Watching Avatar, I felt sort of =
the same as when I saw Star Wars in 1977," he said, adding that like Star W=
ars and The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, the film "employ=
s a new generation of special effects" and it "is not simply a sensational =
entertainment, although it is that. It's a technical breakthrough. It has a=
 flat-out Green and anti-war message".[201] A. O. Scott of At The Movies al=
so compared his viewing of the film to the first time he viewed Star Wars a=
nd he said "although the script is a little bit ... obvious," it was "part =
of what made it work".[202][203] Todd McCarthy of Variety praised the film,=
 saying "The King of the World sets his sights on creating another world en=
tirely in Avatar, and it's very much a place worth visiting."[204] Kirk Hon=
eycutt of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review. "The scre=
en is alive with more action and the soundtrack pops with more robust music=
 than any dozen sci-fi shoot-'em-ups you care to mention," he stated.[205] =
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone awarded Avatar a three-and-a-half out of fou=
r star rating and wrote in his print review "It extends the possibilities o=
f what movies can do. Cameron's talent may just be as big as his dreams."[2=
06] Richard Corliss of Time magazine thought that the film was "the most vi=
vid and convincing creation of a fantasy world ever seen in the history of =
moving pictures."[207] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times thought the f=
ilm has "powerful" visual accomplishments but "flat dialogue" and "obvious =
characterization".[208] James Berardinelli of ReelViews praised the film an=
d its story, giving it four out of four stars; he wrote "In 3-D, it's immer=
sive =E2=80=93 but the traditional film elements =E2=80=93 story, character=
, editing, theme, emotional resonance, etc. =E2=80=93 are presented with su=
fficient expertise to make even the 2-D version an engrossing 2+1=E2=81=842=
-hour experience."[209] Avatar's underlying social and political themes att=
racted attention. Armond White of the New York Press wrote that Cameron use=
d "villainous American characters" to "misrepresent facets of militarism, c=
apitalism, and imperialism".[210][211] Russell D. Moore of The Christian Po=
st concluded that "propaganda exists in the film" and stated "If you can ge=
t a theater full of people in Kentucky to stand and applaud the defeat of t=
heir country in war, then you've got some amazing special effects."[212] Ad=
am Cohen of The New York Times was more positive about the film, calling it=
s anti-imperialist message "a 22nd-century version of the American colonist=
s vs. the British, India vs. the Raj, or Latin America vs. United Fruit".[2=
13] Ross Douthat of The New York Times opined that the film is "Cameron's l=
ong apologia for pantheism [...] Hollywood's religion of choice for a gener=
ation now",[214] while Saritha Prabhu of The Tennessean called the film a "=
misportrayal of pantheism and Eastern spirituality in general",[215] and Ma=
xim Osipov of The Hindustan Times, on the contrary, commended the film's me=
ssage for its overall consistency with the teachings of Hinduism in the Bha=
gavad Gita.[216] Annalee Newitz of io9 concluded that Avatar is another fil=
m that has the recurring "fantasy about race" whereby "some white guy" beco=
mes the "most awesome" member of a non-white culture.[217] Michael Phillips=
 of the Chicago Tribune called Avatar "the season's ideological Rorschach b=
lot",[218] while Miranda Devine of The Sydney Morning Herald thought that "=
It [was] impossible to watch Avatar without being banged over the head with=
 the director's ideological hammer."[219] Nidesh Lawtoo believed that an es=
sential, yet less visible social theme that contributed to Avatar's success=
 concerns contemporary fascinations with virtual avatars and "the transitio=
n from the world of reality to that of virtual reality".[220] Critics and a=
udiences have cited similarities with other films, literature or media, des=
cribing the perceived connections in ways ranging from simple "borrowing" t=
o outright plagiarism. Ty Burr of The Boston Globe called it "the same movi=
e" as Dances with Wolves.[221] Like Dances with Wolves, Avatar has been cha=
racterized as being a "white savior" movie, in which a "backwards" native p=
eople is impotent without the leadership of a member of the invading white =
culture.[222][223] Parallels to the concept and use of an avatar are in Pou=
l Anderson's 1957 novelette "Call Me Joe", in which a paralyzed man uses hi=
s mind from orbit to control an artificial body on Jupiter.[224][225] Cinem=
a audiences in Russia have noted that Avatar has elements in common with th=
e 1960s Noon Universe novels by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, which are set =
in the 22nd century on a forested world called Pandora with a sentient indi=
genous species called the Nave.[226] Various reviews have compared Avatar t=
o the films FernGully: The Last Rainforest,[227][228] Pocahontas[229] and T=
he Last Samurai.[230] NPR's Morning Edition has compared the film to a mont=
age of tropes, with one commentator stating that Avatar was made by "mixing=
 a bunch of film scripts in a blender".[231] Gary Westfahl wrote that "the =
science fiction story that most closely resembles Avatar has to be Ursula L=
e Guin's novella The Word for World Is Forest (1972), another epic about a =
benevolent race of alien beings who happily inhabit dense forests while liv=
ing in harmony with nature until they are attacked and slaughtered by invad=
ing human soldiers who believe that the only good gook is a dead gook".[225=
] The science fiction writer and editor Gardner Dozois said that along with=
 the Anderson and Le Guin stories, the "mash-up" included Alan Dean Foster'=
s 1975 novel, Midworld.[232] Some sources saw similarities to the artwork o=
f Roger Dean, which features fantastic images of dragons and floating rock =
formations.[233][234] In 2013, Dean sued Cameron and Fox, claiming that Pan=
dora was inspired by 14 of his images. Dean sought damages of $50m.[235] De=
an's case was dismissed in 2014, and The Hollywood Reporter noted that Came=
ron had won multiple Avatar idea theft cases.[236] Avatar received complime=
nts from filmmakers, with Steven Spielberg praising it as "the most evocati=
ve and amazing science-fiction movie since Star Wars" and others calling it=
 "audacious and awe inspiring", "master class", and "brilliant". Noted art =
director-turned-filmmaker Roger Christian is also a noted fan of the film.[=
237] On the other hand, Duncan Jones said: "It's not in my top three James =
Cameron films. ... [A]t what point in the film did you have any doubt what =
was going to happen next?".[238] For French filmmaker Luc Besson, Avatar op=
ened the doors for him to now create an adaptation of the graphic novel ser=
ies Val=C3=A9rian and Laureline that technologically supports the scope of =
its source material, with Besson even throwing his original script in the t=
rash and redoing it after seeing the film.[239] TIME ranked Avatar number 3=
 in their list of "The 10 Greatest Movies of the Millennium (Thus Far)"[240=
] also earning it a spot on the magazine's All-Time 100 list,[241] and IGN =
listed Avatar as number 22 on their list of the top 25 Sci-Fi movies of all=
 time. </div></div></td></tr> </table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><=
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box; display: none; width: 0px; max-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; mso-hide=
: all; height: 0; font-size: 0; max-height: 0; line-height: 0; margin: 0;">=
 After the film's release and unusually strong box office performance over =
its first two weeks, it was debated as the one film capable of surpassing T=
itanic's worldwide gross, and its continued strength perplexed box office a=
nalysts.[294] Other films in recent years had been cited as contenders for =
surpassing Titanic, such as 2008's The Dark Knight,[295] but Avatar was con=
sidered the first film with a genuine chance to do so, and its numbers bein=
g aided by higher ticket prices for 3D screenings[294] did not fully explai=
n its success to box office analysts. "Most films are considered to be heal=
thy if they manage anything less than a 50% drop from their first weekend t=
o their second. Dipping just 11% from the first to the third is unheard of,=
" said Paul Dergarabedian, president of box-office analysis for Hollywood.c=
om. "This is just unprecedented. I had to do a double take. I thought it wa=
s a miscalculation."[296] Analysts predicted second place for the film's wo=
rldwide gross, but most were uncertain about it surpassing Titanic because =
"Today's films flame out much faster than they did when Titanic was release=
d."[296] Brandon Gray, president of Box Office Mojo, believed in the film's=
 chances of becoming the highest-grossing film of all time, though he also =
believed it was too early to surmise because it had only played during the =
holidays. He said, "While Avatar may beat Titanic's record, it will be toug=
h, and the film is unlikely to surpass Titanic in attendance. Ticket prices=
 were about $3 cheaper in the late 1990s."[296] Cameron said he did not thi=
nk it was realistic to "try to topple Titanic off its perch" because it "ju=
st struck some kind of chord" and there had been other good films in recent=
 years.[297] He changed his prediction by mid-January. "It's gonna happen. =
It's just a matter of time," he said.[298] You've got to compete head on wi=
th these other epic works of fantasy and fiction, the Tolkiens and the Star=
 Wars and the Star Treks. People want a persistent alternate reality to inv=
est themselves in and they want the detail that makes it rich and worth the=
ir time. They want to live somewhere else. Like Pandora. James Cameron on t=
he success of Avatar[299] Although analysts have been unable to agree that =
Avatar's success is attributable to one primary factor, several explanation=
s have been advanced. First, January is historically "the dumping ground fo=
r the year's weakest films", and this also applied to 2010.[300] Cameron hi=
mself said he decided to open the film in December so that it would have le=
ss competition from then to January.[287] Titanic capitalized on the same J=
anuary predictability, and earned most of its gross in 1998.[300] Additiona=
lly, Avatar established itself as a "must-see" event. Gray said, "At this p=
oint, people who are going to see Avatar are going to see Avatar and would =
even if the slate was strong."[300] Marketing the film as a "novelty factor=
" also helped. Fox positioned the film as a cinematic event that should be =
seen in the theaters. "It's really hard to sell the idea that you can have =
the same experience at home," stated David Mumpower, an analyst at BoxOffic=
eProphets.com.[300] The "Oscar buzz" surrounding the film and international=
 viewings helped. "Two-thirds of Titanic's haul was earned overseas, and Av=
atar [tracked] similarly ...Avatar opened in 106 markets globally and was N=
o. 1 in all of them", and the markets "such as Russia, where Titanic saw mo=
dest receipts in 1997 and 1998, are white-hot today" with "more screens and=
 moviegoers" than before.[300] According to Variety, films in 3D accumulate=
d $1.3 billion in 2009, "a threefold increase over 2008 and more than 10% o=
f the total 2009 box-office gross". The increased ticket price =E2=80=93 an=
 average of $2 to $3 per ticket in most markets =E2=80=93 helped the film.[=
300] Likewise, Entertainment Weekly attributed the film's success to 3D gla=
sses but also to its "astronomic word-of-mouth". Not only do some theaters =
charge up to $18.50 for IMAX tickets, but "the buzz" created by the new tec=
hnology was the possible cause for sold-out screenings.[301] Gray said Avat=
ar having no basis in previously established material makes its performance=
 remarkable and even more impressive. "The movie might be derivative of man=
y movies in its story and themes," he said, "but it had no direct anteceden=
t like the other top-grossing films: Titanic (historical events), the Star =
Wars movies (an established film franchise), or The Lord of the Rings (lite=
rature). It was a tougher sell ..."[300] The Hollywood Reporter estimated t=
hat after a combined production and promotion cost of between $387=E2=80=93=
437 million, the film turned a net profit of $1.2 billion. </div></div></td=
></tr></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr=
></tbody></table><!-- End --></body></html>
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